Cytoskeleton

Definition

The cytoskeleton is a dynamic network of protein filaments in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that provides structural support, facilitates cell movement, and organizes intracellular transport. It includes microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The cytoskeleton is composed of three main types of protein filaments: microfilaments (actin filaments), intermediate filaments, and microtubules.
2. Microfilaments are primarily made of actin and are involved in cell motility and shape changes.
3. Intermediate filaments provide mechanical strength to cells and help maintain their integrity.
4. Microtubules, made from tubulin, play crucial roles in cell division by forming the mitotic spindle and are also key components of cilia and flagella.
5. The cytoskeleton is highly dynamic, constantly reorganizing itself in response to cellular needs.

Review Questions

• What are the three main types of protein filaments that make up the cytoskeleton?
• How do microtubules contribute to cell division?
• What role do intermediate filaments play in maintaining cellular integrity?

Related terms

Microfilaments:

Thin strands of actin proteins involved in cell motility and shape changes.

Intermediate Filaments:

Protein fibers that provide mechanical strength to cells.

Microtubules:

Hollow tubes made from tubulin that are essential for cell division and intracellular transport.