Biopolymers

Definition

Biopolymers are large molecules produced by living organisms, consisting of repeating subunits. They include proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Proteins are biopolymers composed of amino acid monomers linked by peptide bonds.
2. Enzymes, which are proteins, act as catalysts in biochemical reactions within microbes.
3. Biopolymers can be structurally diverse due to the variety of monomers and their sequences.
4. Many microbial biopolymers have industrial applications, such as biodegradable plastics and biofilms.
5. The synthesis of biopolymers in microbes is genetically regulated and influenced by environmental factors.

Review Questions

• What types of monomers make up protein biopolymers?
• How do enzymes function within microbial systems?
• Why are microbial biopolymers significant for industrial applications?

Related terms

Amino Acids:

The building blocks of proteins, containing both an amino group and a carboxyl group.

Enzymes: Proteins that catalyze chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Polysaccharides:

Complex carbohydrates formed from long chains of monosaccharide units.