Bioluminescence

Definition

Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by living organisms, typically as a result of biochemical reactions. In microbiology, it is often observed in certain species of bacteria, including some proteobacteria.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Bioluminescent bacteria often belong to the genera Vibrio and Photobacterium within the Proteobacteria phylum.
2. The enzyme luciferase plays a crucial role in the bioluminescence reaction by catalyzing the oxidation of luciferin.
3. Bioluminescence can serve various biological functions such as attracting mates, deterring predators, or luring prey.
4. Some bioluminescent bacteria have symbiotic relationships with marine animals, providing illumination for their hosts.
5. The genes responsible for bioluminescence are often organized in operons, which are regulated collectively.

Review Questions

• What enzyme is responsible for catalyzing the reaction that produces bioluminescence?
• In what genera within the Proteobacteria phylum are bioluminescent bacteria commonly found?
• What are some biological functions of bioluminescence in bacteria?

Related terms

Luciferase: An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of luciferin, producing light.

Vibrio:

A genus of Gram-negative bacteria, some species of which are bioluminescent.

Operon:

A cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter and regulated together.