Cella

Definition

A cella is the inner chamber of a temple, typically housing the cult statue of the deity to whom the temple is dedicated. It serves as the main sanctuary and is a central feature in Greek temple design, reflecting both architectural innovation and religious significance. The layout of the cella varies between different architectural orders, showcasing how the Doric and Ionic styles influenced the design and experience of worship in ancient Greece.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The cella is usually surrounded by a peristyle, a continuous row of columns that encircle it, providing both structural support and aesthetic appeal.
2. In Doric temples, the cella tends to be relatively austere and straightforward, while in Ionic temples, it may exhibit more elaborate design features.
3. Access to the cella was often restricted to priests and specific ritual occasions, emphasizing its sacred nature.
4. Some temples featured additional chambers connected to the cella for storage of offerings or sacred items.
5. The placement of the cult statue within the cella was central to worship practices, with many temples designed to allow light to highlight the statue during ceremonies.

Review Questions

• How does the design of the cella differ between Doric and Ionic temple styles?
  • The design of the cella varies significantly between Doric and Ionic temple styles. In Doric temples, the cella is typically more austere, with less ornamentation and a more robust structure. In contrast, Ionic temples feature a more elaborate and graceful design, often including decorative elements like friezes and larger windows that enhance light within the cella. This difference reflects not only aesthetic choices but also varying approaches to worship and devotion in ancient Greek religion.
• What role does the cella play in the overall function of a Greek temple?
  • The cella serves as the heart of a Greek temple, housing the cult statue that represents the deity worshipped at that site. This chamber is where rituals and offerings are made, emphasizing its significance in religious practices. The architectural layout surrounding the cella supports this function by creating a space that invites reverence and highlights the importance of worship in ancient Greek culture. Thus, it is not just an architectural feature but a crucial element in facilitating divine interaction.
• Evaluate how the design and function of the cella contribute to our understanding of ancient Greek religious practices.
  • The design and function of the cella provide deep insights into ancient Greek religious practices by revealing how architecture was intricately linked to worship. The choice of materials, size, and decorative elements within the cella reflect not only aesthetic values but also theological concepts about divinity. By studying these aspects, we gain an understanding of how space was utilized for divine presence and community interaction, showing that architecture was central to shaping religious experiences. This highlights how ancient Greeks viewed their gods as being intimately connected to specific places and rituals.

Related terms

Pronaos: The space or porch at the front of the cella, often flanked by columns, leading into the main sanctuary.

Naos: Another term for cella, often used interchangeably in describing the inner sanctum of a temple.

Cult Statue:

A statue representing a deity that was typically placed within the cella, serving as the focal point for worship and rituals.