Cella

Definition

The cella is the inner chamber of a temple, which houses the cult statue of the deity to whom the temple is dedicated. This sacred space served as the focal point for worship and ritual, connecting architectural design and religious practices in ancient Greek culture. The design of the cella not only reflects advancements in architectural innovation but also illustrates the importance of gods and heroes within Greek art and society.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The cella was often designed with elaborate decorations and could include features like windows or doors to enhance visibility of the cult statue.
2. In temples dedicated to major deities, such as Athena Parthenos in the Parthenon, the size and grandeur of the cella played a crucial role in expressing divine power.
3. The architectural layout of the cella contributed to innovations in engineering, including advancements in column design and structural stability.
4. Cella layouts often varied between different styles of temples, such as Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian, reflecting regional differences in worship practices.
5. The experience of entering the cella was designed to evoke a sense of awe and reverence among worshippers, emphasizing the sacredness of the space.

Review Questions

• How does the design of the cella reflect innovations in architectural design and engineering during ancient Greece?
  • The design of the cella showcases various innovations in architecture, such as advanced column construction, structural integrity, and spatial organization. Architects developed techniques that allowed for larger open spaces without sacrificing stability, which enabled impressive structures like the Parthenon. The proportions and layout of the cella created an environment that enhanced worshippers' experiences and reinforced the significance of the deity within that space.
• In what ways did the placement and significance of cult statues within the cella highlight the role of gods and heroes in Classical Greek art?
  • Cult statues placed within the cella were not just artistic representations; they served as central figures for worship and embodied the presence of gods. The craftsmanship and detail of these statues often reflected cultural values and societal ideals, emphasizing heroism and divinity. This connection between art and religion illustrates how Greek artists utilized their skills to express devotion and connect with their deities on a profound level.
• Evaluate how changes in temple architecture and the design of the cella reflect broader cultural shifts in ancient Greece from 500-320 B.C.
  • Changes in temple architecture during this period showcase evolving beliefs about divinity, community engagement, and aesthetic preferences. As temples became grander with more intricate designs, including expansive cellas, they mirrored a society increasingly focused on showcasing civic pride and religious devotion. The adaptations in structure—such as incorporating various column styles—indicate a shift towards a more dynamic interpretation of sacred space, reflecting changing social values regarding public participation in worship and celebrating divine authority.

Related terms

Naos: Another term for the cella, often used interchangeably to refer to the central chamber of a temple where the main deity's statue is placed.

Peristyle:

A continuous row of columns that surrounds the cella, providing structural support and creating an open space for public access and ceremonial activities.

Cult statue: A representation of a deity that is typically housed within the cella, serving as a focal point for worship and rituals in ancient Greek temples.