key term - Cardinal

Definition

In the context of the Catholic Church, a cardinal is a senior church official, often a bishop, who is appointed by the Pope to serve as a member of the College of Cardinals. This group plays a crucial role in advising the Pope and electing a new Pope during a conclave. Cardinals hold significant influence within the church hierarchy, overseeing various dioceses and departments in the Vatican.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cardinals are often referred to as 'princes of the Church' due to their high rank and responsibilities within the Catholic hierarchy.
2. There are two main types of cardinals: cardinal bishops, who oversee important dioceses, and cardinal priests, who manage regular parishes or serve in administrative roles.
3. The College of Cardinals was established in the 11th century, and its role has evolved over time, especially in relation to papal elections.
4. Cardinals wear distinctive red vestments symbolizing their willingness to defend the faith, even to the point of shedding their blood.
5. The number of cardinals can vary, but there is often a limit set on how many can be created by a sitting pope, which typically does not exceed 120 cardinal electors.

Review Questions

• How do cardinals contribute to the governance and decision-making processes within the Catholic Church?
  • Cardinals play a vital role in the governance of the Catholic Church by serving as advisors to the Pope on matters of faith and church administration. They are responsible for overseeing various aspects of church life, including liturgy, education, and social issues. Additionally, during papal conclaves, cardinals are tasked with electing a new Pope, making their influence significant in determining the future direction of the Church.
• Discuss the significance of the role of cardinals in papal elections and how their responsibilities have evolved over time.
  • The role of cardinals in papal elections is crucial as they form the College of Cardinals that convenes in a conclave to choose a new Pope when necessary. Over time, their responsibilities have expanded beyond simply electing a Pope to include advising on doctrinal issues and managing various church departments. This evolution reflects changes in church governance and highlights their importance in maintaining continuity and leadership within the Church during transitions.
• Evaluate how the presence and actions of cardinals influence both local dioceses and the global Catholic community.
  • Cardinals wield significant influence not only within their local dioceses but also on a global scale due to their connection to the Vatican and participation in international church matters. Their actions can shape policies that affect millions of Catholics worldwide, influencing everything from pastoral practices to social justice initiatives. By engaging with global issues like poverty and human rights, cardinals help frame how the Catholic Church responds to contemporary challenges, demonstrating their critical role in bridging local concerns with global Catholicism.

Related terms

Pope: The Pope is the Bishop of Rome and the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church, recognized as the spiritual successor to Saint Peter.

Archbishop: An archbishop is a senior bishop who oversees an archdiocese and has authority over bishops in his province.

Conclave: A conclave is a gathering of cardinals convened to elect a new Pope when the papacy becomes vacant.