key term - Chlor-alkali process

Definition

The chlor-alkali process is an industrial method for the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution to produce chlorine gas, hydrogen gas, and sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). It plays a crucial role in chemical manufacturing, providing essential reagents for various applications.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The primary products of the chlor-alkali process are chlorine gas ($Cl_2$), hydrogen gas ($H_2$), and sodium hydroxide ($NaOH$).
2. The process involves the electrolysis of brine (a concentrated solution of sodium chloride, $NaCl$).
3. Mercury cell, diaphragm cell, and membrane cell methods are the three main types of electrolytic cells used in this process.
4. Sodium hydroxide produced from this process is widely used in industries such as paper manufacturing, soap production, and water treatment.
5. Chlorine generated is essential for producing polyvinyl chloride (PVC), disinfectants, and other chemicals.

Review Questions

Related terms

Electrolysis:

A chemical decomposition produced by passing an electric current through a liquid or solution containing ions.

Brine:

A highly concentrated solution of salt (sodium chloride) in water.

Sodium Hydroxide:

$NaOH$, also known as caustic soda or lye; a strong base used in many industrial processes including paper making and soap production.