Biomarker

Definition

A biomarker is a measurable substance that indicates the presence of life, past or present. In the search for extraterrestrial life, biomarkers can include specific gases, molecules, or other indicators in an environment that suggest biological activity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Common biomarkers include oxygen, methane, and complex organic molecules.
2. The detection of biomarkers in exoplanet atmospheres is a key focus of astrobiology.
3. Biomarkers must be distinguished from abiotic processes that could produce similar substances.
4. In our solar system, Mars and Europa are primary targets for biomarker searches due to their potential for hosting microbial life.
5. Technological advancements in telescopes and space probes have significantly improved our ability to detect potential biomarkers.

Review Questions

• What are some examples of common biomarkers?
• Why is it important to distinguish between biotic and abiotic sources when identifying biomarkers?
• Which celestial bodies in our solar system are currently considered prime candidates for finding biomarkers?

Related terms

Exoplanet:

A planet located outside our solar system orbiting a star other than the Sun.

Astrobiology:

The study of the origin, evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe.

Spectroscopy:

A technique used to analyze the light spectrum emitted or absorbed by materials to determine their composition.