Biomarker

Definition

A biomarker is a biological molecule found in blood, other body fluids, or tissues that signifies a normal or abnormal process, or a condition or disease. Biomarkers are used in clinical studies and medical diagnostics to assess health conditions and the effects of treatment.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Biomarkers are crucial for early disease detection and monitoring the progression of diseases such as cancer.
2. They can be proteins, DNA/RNA fragments, metabolites, or other molecules.
3. Genomics and proteomics technologies have advanced the identification and utilization of biomarkers.
4. Biomarkers help in personalized medicine by tailoring treatments based on individual molecular profiles.
5. Validation of biomarkers involves rigorous testing to ensure their reliability and accuracy in clinical settings.

Review Questions

• What types of molecules can serve as biomarkers?
• How do genomics and proteomics contribute to biomarker discovery?
• Why are biomarkers important in personalized medicine?

Related terms

Genomics:

The study of genomes, including the sequencing, mapping, and analysis of genetic material.

Proteomics:

The large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures and functions.

Personalized Medicine: Medical practice that uses information about an individual's genetic profile to guide decisions made in regard to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease.