Western Wall

Definition

The Western Wall, also known as the Wailing Wall, is a sacred site in Jerusalem and a remnant of the Second Temple, destroyed in 70 CE. It holds immense significance for Jews as a place of prayer and pilgrimage, serving as a symbol of Jewish resilience and connection to their historical homeland, while also being intertwined with the complex dynamics of religious identity and conflict in the region.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Western Wall is considered the holiest site where Jews are permitted to pray, making it a focal point for Jewish religious life and rituals.
2. Pilgrims from around the world visit the Western Wall to place written prayers in its crevices, reflecting deep personal connections to their faith and history.
3. During Jewish holidays, especially Yom Kippur and Passover, the Western Wall becomes crowded with worshippers, illustrating its role as a communal space for collective prayer.
4. The site has been a source of tension between Jews and Palestinians, particularly due to its location near important Islamic sites, which adds layers of complexity to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
5. Following the Six-Day War in 1967, Israel gained control of East Jerusalem, including the Western Wall, solidifying its status as a national symbol for Israel.

Review Questions

• How does the Western Wall function as a symbol of Jewish identity and resilience in relation to historical events?
  • The Western Wall serves as a powerful symbol of Jewish identity due to its historical roots connected to the Second Temple and its resilience after centuries of persecution. It represents not just a place of prayer but also a reminder of the Jewish people's enduring connection to their homeland despite significant challenges. The site's ability to attract pilgrims worldwide illustrates how it embodies collective memory and national pride within Jewish culture.
• Discuss the impact of the Western Wall on Jewish-Arab relations in Jerusalem.
  • The Western Wall significantly impacts Jewish-Arab relations due to its proximity to Islamic holy sites, particularly the Al-Aqsa Mosque. This close relationship creates tension between communities over access and control of religious spaces. The site has become emblematic of broader political struggles, with many Arabs viewing it as a symbol of Israeli sovereignty while Jews see it as an essential aspect of their spiritual heritage. Thus, interactions at this site often reflect larger societal conflicts within Jerusalem.
• Evaluate how the Western Wall's significance has evolved since its destruction during the Roman period and what this evolution reveals about religious and national identities in contemporary society.
  • Since its destruction during the Roman period, the significance of the Western Wall has evolved from a mere remnant of a once-great temple to a central symbol of Jewish faith and national identity. This evolution reflects how religious sites can transform into potent symbols for cultural memory and identity politics. In contemporary society, this transformation illustrates not only the importance of sacred spaces in expressing collective identity but also how such spaces can become focal points for nationalistic sentiments and inter-religious tensions in a highly contested city like Jerusalem.

Related terms

Second Temple: The Second Temple was an ancient temple in Jerusalem that stood from 516 BCE until its destruction by the Romans in 70 CE, serving as a central place of worship for the Jewish people.

Kotel: Kotel is the Hebrew term for the Western Wall, reflecting its significance as a place where Jews gather to pray and reflect on their history.

Al-Aqsa Mosque:

The Al-Aqsa Mosque is one of the holiest sites in Islam, located on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, and is adjacent to the Western Wall, highlighting the religious significance of this area for both Jews and Muslims.