Conservative movement

Definition

The conservative movement refers to a political and social response that emerged in the mid-20th century, advocating for traditional values, limited government, and a free-market economy. It gained momentum in the United States, especially during the 1960s and 1970s, as a reaction against liberal policies and social changes, including feminism and civil rights. This movement significantly influenced American politics, particularly through grassroots organizing and the mobilization of religious conservatives.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The conservative movement played a key role in opposing the Equal Rights Amendment in the 1970s, mobilizing efforts to stop its ratification.
2. Phyllis Schlafly became a prominent figure in the conservative movement, arguing that the ERA would undermine traditional family structures and women's roles.
3. The movement sought to appeal to middle-class Americans by emphasizing law and order, family values, and patriotism amidst societal changes during the Vietnam War era.
4. Conservatives used media and communication strategies effectively to rally support and spread their message, particularly through television and radio programs.
5. The rise of the conservative movement coincided with a growing backlash against liberal policies from the Great Society era, leading to significant electoral successes for conservative candidates.

Review Questions

• How did Phyllis Schlafly's opposition to the Equal Rights Amendment reflect broader goals of the conservative movement?
  • Phyllis Schlafly's opposition to the Equal Rights Amendment was deeply intertwined with the goals of the conservative movement, which sought to maintain traditional gender roles and family structures. Schlafly argued that the ERA would dismantle protections for women and disrupt family life. Her grassroots efforts galvanized support among conservative women who felt threatened by the changes brought about by feminism, showcasing how the conservative movement actively resisted what they viewed as radical social shifts.
• Discuss how grassroots activism within the conservative movement impacted its success in opposing liberal policies during the 1970s.
  • Grassroots activism was crucial for the conservative movement's success in opposing liberal policies during the 1970s. Organizations formed at local levels allowed everyday citizens to organize rallies, distribute literature, and mobilize voters around issues such as opposition to the ERA and increased government regulation. This decentralized approach empowered individuals who felt disillusioned with mainstream politics and enabled conservatives to build a broad base of support that translated into significant political victories.
• Evaluate the long-term effects of the conservative movement on American society and politics beyond its initial emergence in the mid-20th century.
  • The long-term effects of the conservative movement have been profound, shaping American society and politics well beyond its emergence. It has redefined party platforms, influencing issues like taxation, healthcare, education, and social values. The rise of right-wing populism can be traced back to these early movements, which have left a lasting legacy on political discourse. Moreover, its emphasis on individualism and skepticism towards government intervention continues to resonate today, impacting contemporary debates on policy and governance.

Related terms

New Right: A political movement that emerged in the late 20th century as part of the broader conservative movement, focusing on issues such as opposition to abortion, school prayer, and the promotion of family values.

Grassroots Activism: A form of activism driven by community members at a local level, often involving organized efforts to influence political decision-making and promote conservative values.

Religious Right:

A segment of the conservative movement that emphasizes the role of religious beliefs in public life and advocates for policies aligned with traditional Christian values.