New Hollywood

Definition

New Hollywood refers to a transformative movement in American cinema that emerged in the late 1960s and continued into the 1980s, characterized by a shift towards auteur-driven storytelling and a focus on youth culture. This era saw filmmakers gaining more creative control, leading to innovative narratives and bold themes, often reflecting social changes and challenging traditional studio norms. The rise of this movement coincided with the decline of the classical Hollywood studio system, marking a significant evolution in filmmaking techniques and industry practices.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The New Hollywood movement emerged as filmmakers began to challenge the conventional storytelling methods of the studio system, using personal and political narratives.
2. Key directors associated with this movement include Martin Scorsese, Francis Ford Coppola, and Steven Spielberg, whose films often explored themes of alienation, disillusionment, and social upheaval.
3. The introduction of rating systems in the late 1960s allowed filmmakers to tackle more mature content, which was reflected in films like 'The Graduate' and 'Easy Rider.'
4. The financial success of independent films during this period encouraged major studios to invest in unique and diverse projects, leading to a renaissance in creativity.
5. By the late 1970s and early 1980s, the return of high-budget blockbusters signaled a shift back towards a more commercial approach in filmmaking, leading to the eventual decline of the New Hollywood era.

Review Questions

• How did New Hollywood filmmakers utilize auteur theory to redefine storytelling in cinema?
  • New Hollywood filmmakers embraced auteur theory by asserting their individual visions and personal styles within their films. Directors like Scorsese and Coppola crafted unique narratives that reflected their personal experiences and societal critiques. This shift allowed for more complex characters and thematic depth, moving away from formulaic plots dictated by studios, thus redefining what stories could be told in cinema.
• In what ways did social changes during the late 1960s influence the themes and styles of New Hollywood films?
  • Social changes during the late 1960s, including movements for civil rights, feminism, and anti-war protests, significantly influenced New Hollywood films. Filmmakers responded to the turbulent socio-political climate by incorporating themes of disillusionment and rebellion into their narratives. Movies such as 'Easy Rider' showcased counterculture ideals while challenging mainstream values, reflecting the sentiments of a generation grappling with change.
• Evaluate the long-term impact of New Hollywood on contemporary cinema and its relevance today.
  • New Hollywood had a profound impact on contemporary cinema by establishing the groundwork for independent filmmaking and promoting creative freedom for directors. The era's emphasis on character-driven narratives and diverse storytelling paved the way for modern filmmakers to explore complex themes without adhering strictly to commercial formulas. Today, we continue to see influences of New Hollywood in various film genres where personal storytelling is celebrated, showcasing how its legacy endures in both mainstream and indie cinema.

Related terms

Auteur Theory: A film theory that emphasizes the director's personal influence and creative control over a movie, considering them as the primary author of a film's artistic vision.

Blockbuster: A term used to describe films that achieve enormous commercial success, often characterized by high budgets, extensive marketing, and broad audience appeal.

Indie Film: A term for films produced outside the traditional studio system, often characterized by lower budgets and more personal storytelling.