Ribbed vault

Definition

A ribbed vault is a type of architectural feature used in Gothic architecture, consisting of intersecting arches that create a framework or rib-like structure for the ceiling. This design allows for a more complex and aesthetically pleasing ceiling while distributing weight more effectively, making it crucial for the construction of large cathedrals. Ribbed vaults also enable the incorporation of larger windows, enhancing the interior light and creating an ethereal atmosphere.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ribbed vaults allowed builders to create ceilings with complex geometric patterns, which became a hallmark of Gothic cathedrals.
2. The use of ribbed vaults contributed to the development of flying buttresses, as they helped reduce lateral forces on walls.
3. They provided a structural advantage that enabled the construction of higher ceilings and expansive interiors in cathedrals.
4. Ribbed vaults are often seen in various configurations, such as sexpartite (six sections) and quadripartite (four sections) designs.
5. The introduction of ribbed vaults was significant in transitioning from Romanesque to Gothic architecture, marking an evolution in building techniques.

Review Questions

• How do ribbed vaults enhance the structural integrity of Gothic cathedrals?
  • Ribbed vaults enhance the structural integrity of Gothic cathedrals by distributing weight more effectively across the ceiling. The framework created by intersecting arches directs the forces down to specific points rather than allowing them to spread uniformly across a flat surface. This not only supports the massive stone structures but also allows for larger openings in the walls, leading to more light entering the space and creating an open, airy atmosphere.
• Discuss how ribbed vaults relate to other elements of Gothic architecture, such as flying buttresses and pointed arches.
  • Ribbed vaults are closely linked to other Gothic architectural elements like flying buttresses and pointed arches. The ribbed design aids in channeling weight downward, which complements the outward thrust countered by flying buttresses. Additionally, pointed arches work together with ribbed vaults to create a cohesive structural system that supports taller walls and larger windows. This synergy among these elements epitomizes the innovative engineering of Gothic architecture.
• Evaluate the impact of ribbed vault technology on the evolution of cathedral design during the Middle Ages.
  • The introduction of ribbed vault technology had a profound impact on cathedral design during the Middle Ages. It facilitated taller and more intricate structures that were previously unattainable with earlier architectural methods. This innovation marked a shift towards more vertical designs with expansive interiors filled with light from large stained-glass windows. As architects began to experiment with various rib configurations, it pushed boundaries further, ultimately leading to iconic examples like Notre-Dame and Chartres Cathedral. The architectural advancements prompted by ribbed vaults set a precedent for future styles beyond the Middle Ages.

Related terms

Gothic architecture: A style of architecture that emerged in the High and Late Middle Ages characterized by pointed arches, flying buttresses, and ribbed vaults.

flying buttress:

An external support structure that transfers the weight of the roof and walls outward, allowing for taller buildings and larger windows.

pointed arch:

An arch with a pointed top that helps distribute weight more evenly and is a key element in Gothic architecture.