A kinetochore is a protein complex assembled on the centromere of a chromosome during cell division. It plays a crucial role in chromosome segregation by attaching chromosomes to spindle microtubules.
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Kinetochores are essential for accurate chromosome alignment and segregation during mitosis and meiosis.
Each sister chromatid has its own kinetochore, which attaches to spindle fibers from opposite poles of the cell.
The kinetochore is composed of multiple proteins, including the Ndc80 complex, which directly interacts with microtubules.
Errors in kinetochore function can lead to aneuploidy, where cells have abnormal numbers of chromosomes.
Kinetochores are involved in the spindle assembly checkpoint, ensuring that all chromosomes are properly attached before proceeding with cell division.