Fouling is the accumulation of unwanted material on solid surfaces, often in aquatic environments. It can significantly impact the functionality and health of marine organisms and human-made structures.
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Fouling commonly affects molluscs and annelids by attaching to their shells or bodies, which can impair mobility and feeding.
Marine fouling organisms include barnacles, algae, and various bivalves that adhere to surfaces such as boat hulls, piers, and even other marine animals.
Fouling can lead to increased drag on ships, resulting in higher fuel consumption and maintenance costs.
Biofouling is a specific type of fouling caused by living organisms like bacteria, algae, protozoa, and invertebrates.
Molluscs like mussels have developed antifouling mechanisms such as producing smooth shells or secreting substances that deter fouling organisms.
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Related terms
Biofouling: The accumulation of microorganisms, plants, algae, or small animals on wetted surfaces.
Antifouling: Methods used to prevent or reduce the accumulation of fouling organisms on surfaces.
Invertebrate: An animal lacking a backbone, including groups like molluscs and annelids.