Ectomycorrhizae

Definition

Ectomycorrhizae are symbiotic associations between fungal hyphae and the roots of certain plants, primarily trees. These associations enhance nutrient and water uptake for the plant while providing carbohydrates to the fungi.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Ectomycorrhizae primarily form with tree species such as pines, oaks, and birches.
2. The fungal hyphae of ectomycorrhizae envelop the root tips but do not penetrate the root cells.
3. They play a crucial role in forest ecosystems by improving soil structure and nutrient cycling.
4. Ectomycorrhizal fungi often belong to Basidiomycota or Ascomycota phyla.
5. These symbiotic relationships can help plants resist environmental stresses like drought and soil pathogens.

Review Questions

• What is the primary role of ectomycorrhizae in plant-fungal symbiosis?
• Which types of trees commonly form ectomycorrhizal associations?
• How do ectomycorrhizal fungi interact with plant root cells?

Related terms

Endomycorrhizae:

Symbiotic relationships where fungal hyphae penetrate plant root cells to facilitate nutrient exchange.

Hyphae:

The long, branching filamentous structures that make up the mycelium of a fungus.

Mycorrhizal Network: A network formed by mycorrhizal fungi that connects different plants and facilitates resource sharing among them.