Cranium

Definition

The cranium is the part of the skull that encloses the brain, providing protection and structural support. It consists of several bones fused together in adults.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The cranium is composed of eight bones: one frontal, two parietal, two temporal, one occipital, one sphenoid, and one ethmoid.
2. Unlike other bones in the body, the bones of the cranium are joined by immovable joints called sutures.
3. The largest opening in the cranium is the foramen magnum through which the spinal cord passes to connect with the brain.
4. In early development, areas called fontanelles exist between cranial bones to allow for growth and flexibility during birth.
5. The cranial cavity has a volume of approximately 1,200-1,700 cubic centimeters in adults.

Review Questions

• What are the main functions of the cranium?
• Which bones make up the human cranium?
• What is the significance of fontanelles in newborns?

Related terms

Vertebrate: Animals that possess a backbone or spinal column

Sutures:

Immovable joints found between cranial bones of adult vertebrates

Foramen Magnum: The large opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes