Corticosteroids

Definition

Corticosteroids are steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex, involved in a wide range of physiological processes. They regulate metabolism, immune response, and stress.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Corticosteroids are divided into glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.
2. Glucocorticoids like cortisol help control blood sugar levels, immune responses, and metabolism.
3. Mineralocorticoids like aldosterone regulate sodium and potassium balance in the blood.
4. Corticosteroid release is regulated by the hypothalamus through ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone).
5. Excessive or deficient production of corticosteroids can lead to disorders such as Cushing's syndrome or Addison's disease.

Review Questions

• What are the two main types of corticosteroids and their primary functions?
• How does the hypothalamus regulate the release of corticosteroids?
• What are potential health issues related to abnormal levels of corticosteroids?

Related terms

ACTH:

Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulates the production and release of corticosteroids from the adrenal cortex

Adrenal Cortex: The outer region of the adrenal glands where corticosteroids are produced

Cushing's Syndrome: A condition caused by excessive levels of cortisol leading to symptoms like weight gain and high blood pressure