Punishment-and-Obedience Orientation: The stage where children believe rules are fixed and absolute. Obeying the rules is important because it means avoiding punishment.
Instrumental Relativist Orientation: At this stage, children begin to understand that different people have different viewpoints. They consider actions morally correct if these serve their needs or those of others around them.
Egocentrism:In psychology, egocentrism refers to an inability to differentiate between self and other. More specifically, it means lack of awareness that others' viewpoints are different from one's own.