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The sender is the entity or device that initiates and transmits data or information to a receiver. It is responsible for encoding and transmitting the message.
The receiver is the entity or device that receives and decodes the transmitted data or information from the sender.
Protocol: A protocol is a set of rules and guidelines that govern how data is transmitted between devices in a network.
Data Encoding: Data encoding refers to the process of converting data into a format suitable for transmission over a communication channel.