Synapses

Definition

Synapses are the tiny gaps between neurons (nerve cells) or between neurons and other types of cells, where electrical or chemical signals are transmitted to communicate information throughout the nervous system. They enable the nervous system to process and respond to the complex information that regulates bodily functions and behaviors.

Related terms

Neurons:

The primary cells of the nervous system that transmit electrical and chemical signals through synapses.

Neurotransmitters:

Chemicals released by neurons at a synapse that transmit signals across the synaptic gap to another neuron or target cell.

Action Potential:

A temporary reversal of electric polarization of the membrane of a nerve cell that allows for signal transmission along neurons and is crucial for communication across synapses