key term - Collecting Duct

Definition

The collecting duct is a key component of the kidney's nephron, the functional unit responsible for filtering blood, reabsorbing useful substances, and excreting waste. It serves as the final pathway for urine before it is expelled from the body, playing a crucial role in the regulation of fluid volume and electrolyte balance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The collecting duct is located in the medulla of the kidney, where it receives filtrate from the distal convoluted tubule and further modifies its composition.
2. The collecting duct is responsible for the final concentration and regulation of the volume and composition of urine before it is expelled from the body.
3. Hormones, such as antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone, play a crucial role in regulating the activity of the collecting duct to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance.
4. Dysfunction or impairment of the collecting duct can lead to various kidney disorders, such as nephrogenic diabetes insipidus and renal tubular acidosis.
5. The collecting duct is the site where the final adjustments to the urine's pH and electrolyte concentrations are made, ensuring the body maintains homeostasis.

Review Questions

• Explain the role of the collecting duct in the gross anatomy and microscopic structure of the kidney.
  • The collecting duct is a key component of the kidney's nephron, the functional unit responsible for filtering blood, reabsorbing useful substances, and excreting waste. It is located in the medulla of the kidney and receives filtrate from the distal convoluted tubule. The collecting duct plays a crucial role in the final concentration and regulation of the volume and composition of urine before it is expelled from the body, making it an essential part of the kidney's microscopic anatomy and overall function.
• Describe how the collecting duct is involved in the process of tubular reabsorption.
  • The collecting duct is the final stage of the nephron where further modifications to the filtrate occur. It is responsible for the reabsorption of water and electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, and chloride, to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance in the body. This process of tubular reabsorption is regulated by hormones like antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone, which act on the collecting duct to adjust the permeability and activity of ion channels and transporters, allowing the kidney to fine-tune the composition of the urine before it is excreted.
• Analyze the role of the collecting duct in the endocrine regulation of kidney function and the overall regulation of fluid volume and electrolyte balance.
  • The collecting duct is a critical component in the endocrine regulation of kidney function and the maintenance of fluid volume and electrolyte balance. Hormones like antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone directly target the collecting duct to modulate its permeability and activity, allowing the kidney to adjust the concentration and composition of the urine. ADH increases water reabsorption in the collecting duct, while aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion, enabling the body to maintain homeostasis. Dysfunction or impairment of the collecting duct can lead to various kidney disorders, underscoring its importance in the endocrine regulation of renal function and whole-body fluid and electrolyte balance.

Related terms

Nephron:

The functional unit of the kidney, consisting of the glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct.

Glomerulus: The initial filtration unit of the nephron, where blood is filtered to form the primary urine.

Reabsorption:

The process by which the kidney retrieves useful substances, such as water, glucose, and electrolytes, from the filtrate before it is excreted as urine.