key term - Angiotensin II

Definition

Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor and a key regulator of blood pressure within the body, primarily acting to increase blood pressure by narrowing blood vessels and triggering the release of aldosterone from the adrenal glands. It plays a crucial role in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which helps regulate fluid balance and blood pressure.

Related terms

Renin:

An enzyme released by the kidneys that starts the process of increasing blood pressure by converting angiotensinogen into angiotensin I.

Aldosterone: A hormone produced by the adrenal glands that increases sodium retention and potassium excretion, effectively raising blood volume and pressure.

Vasoconstriction:

The narrowing of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure by reducing the volume or space inside the vessels for blood to flow through