Their Eyes Were Watching God

Definition

Their Eyes Were Watching God is a novel written by Zora Neale Hurston, published in 1937, that explores the life of Janie Crawford, an African American woman in the early 20th century South. The novel is a key work in American literature, particularly reflecting themes of self-discovery, empowerment, and the quest for identity within the context of race and gender. It encapsulates the spirit of the Harlem Renaissance while also laying groundwork for later civil rights literature by addressing social issues faced by African Americans.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The novel is notable for its use of dialect, which captures the authentic voice of Black Southern culture during the time period.
2. Janie's journey throughout the novel represents the struggle for personal freedom and self-identity against societal expectations.
3. The title reflects a spiritual element in Janie's life, suggesting that understanding one's purpose is essential to true happiness.
4. Their Eyes Were Watching God is often seen as a feminist text as it emphasizes Janie's agency and autonomy over her own life choices.
5. The book has faced censorship and criticism since its publication but has become a staple in discussions about race, gender, and empowerment in literature.

Review Questions

• How does Janie Crawford's character development throughout 'Their Eyes Were Watching God' illustrate themes relevant to both the Harlem Renaissance and later civil rights movements?
  • Janie Crawford's character evolves from a silenced young girl to an independent woman who asserts her identity and desires. Her journey reflects the spirit of the Harlem Renaissance by celebrating African American culture and individuality while also foreshadowing themes crucial to civil rights literature. Janie's experiences with love, loss, and self-actualization demonstrate the struggles African Americans faced during her time, making her story resonate with both eras' quests for freedom and equality.
• Analyze how Zora Neale Hurston uses symbolism in 'Their Eyes Were Watching God' to convey deeper messages about race and gender.
  • In 'Their Eyes Were Watching God', Zora Neale Hurston employs symbols such as the horizon and the pear tree to illustrate Janie's dreams and desires for fulfillment. The horizon represents Janie's aspirations for freedom beyond societal limitations imposed on her due to her race and gender. Similarly, the pear tree symbolizes her quest for true love and connection. These symbols enhance the narrative's commentary on race and gender by showcasing how Janie's pursuit of personal happiness intersects with broader social issues.
• Evaluate the impact of 'Their Eyes Were Watching God' on modern discussions surrounding race, gender, and identity in America.
  • 'Their Eyes Were Watching God' has had a profound impact on contemporary discussions about race, gender, and identity by serving as a foundational text that highlights the complexities of these issues. The novel encourages readers to confront the historical realities faced by Black women and promotes discussions on intersectionality—how various social identities overlap. By emphasizing self-empowerment through Janie's story, Hurston's work continues to inspire movements advocating for racial equality and women's rights today, making it relevant in ongoing conversations about social justice.

Related terms

Zora Neale Hurston:

An influential African American author and anthropologist, known for her contributions to literature during the Harlem Renaissance and her exploration of African American culture.

Harlem Renaissance:

A cultural, social, and artistic explosion centered in Harlem, New York, during the 1920s, which celebrated Black culture and identity.

Self-Actualization: The realization or fulfillment of one's talents and potential, often considered as the ultimate goal of personal development.