Buddhist Mudras Meanings to Know for Buddhist Arts of Asia

Buddhist mudras are symbolic hand gestures that convey deep meanings in Buddhist art. Each mudra represents specific teachings and values, enhancing meditation practices and spiritual understanding, while connecting followers to the rich traditions of Buddhist culture across Asia.

1. Dhyana Mudra (Meditation)

   • Represents the state of meditation and inner peace.
   • Typically involves placing the hands in the lap, palms facing upward.
   • Symbolizes the balance between thought and tranquility.
   • Encourages mindfulness and concentration during meditation practices.

2. Abhaya Mudra (Fearlessness)

   • Signifies protection, peace, and the dispelling of fear.
   • Often depicted with the right hand raised, palm facing outward.
   • Represents the Buddha's assurance to followers to overcome fear.
   • Encourages confidence and courage in the face of adversity.

3. Varada Mudra (Charity)

   • Symbolizes generosity, compassion, and the act of giving.
   • Typically shown with the right hand extended downward, palm open.
   • Represents the Buddha's willingness to help those in need.
   • Encourages altruism and selfless acts towards others.

4. Bhumisparsha Mudra (Earth-Touching)

   • Represents the moment of enlightenment and the call to the Earth as a witness.
   • Depicted with the right hand reaching down to touch the ground.
   • Symbolizes the overcoming of Mara (temptation) during the Buddha's enlightenment.
   • Encourages grounding and connection to the Earth and reality.

5. Dharmachakra Mudra (Wheel of Dharma)

   • Represents the teaching of the Buddha and the turning of the Wheel of Dharma.
   • Typically shown with both hands forming a circle at the heart level.
   • Symbolizes the dissemination of Buddhist teachings and principles.
   • Encourages the understanding and practice of the Dharma.

6. Vitarka Mudra (Teaching)

   • Symbolizes the transmission of knowledge and teachings.
   • Depicted with the thumb and index finger forming a circle, representing the cycle of teaching.
   • Represents the Buddha's role as a teacher and guide.
   • Encourages the sharing of wisdom and understanding.

7. Anjali Mudra (Greeting)

   • Represents respect, greeting, and devotion.
   • Typically shown with palms pressed together at the heart center.
   • Symbolizes unity and the connection between individuals.
   • Encourages humility and reverence in interactions with others.

8. Karana Mudra (Warding off Evil)

   • Symbolizes the act of dispelling negativity and evil influences.
   • Depicted with the hand raised, palm facing outward, often with fingers extended.
   • Represents protection and the power to ward off harmful energies.
   • Encourages resilience and strength against malevolent forces.

9. Jnana Mudra (Knowledge)

   • Represents the attainment of knowledge and wisdom.
   • Typically shown with the thumb and index finger touching, forming a circle.
   • Symbolizes the unity of wisdom and the individual.
   • Encourages the pursuit of enlightenment and understanding.

10. Uttarabodhi Mudra (Supreme Enlightenment)

    • Represents the highest state of enlightenment and awakening.
    • Depicted with both hands raised above the head, fingers interlocked.
    • Symbolizes the realization of ultimate truth and liberation.
    • Encourages the aspiration towards spiritual awakening and fulfillment.