Apella

Definition

The Apella was an assembly of male citizens in ancient Sparta, responsible for making important decisions regarding military matters, laws, and the election of officials. It played a crucial role in the political system of Sparta, where all citizens could participate in discussions and voting on key issues, reflecting the unique democratic aspects within the oligarchic structure of Spartan governance.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Apella was limited to male citizens who had completed their military training and were considered full members of Spartan society.
2. Meetings of the Apella typically occurred once a month, providing a forum for discussing key issues facing the state.
3. While the Apella had voting rights, it was often under the influence of the Gerousia, which could propose measures and control much of the legislative agenda.
4. Citizens could speak at the Apella but could not propose legislation; only the Gerousia had that authority.
5. Decisions made by the Apella could include votes on war declarations, military strategies, and election of new kings or officials.

Review Questions

• How did the structure of the Apella reflect both democratic and oligarchic elements in Spartan governance?
  • The Apella represented a unique blend of democracy within an oligarchic framework in Sparta. Although it allowed all male citizens to gather and vote on important issues, real legislative power rested with the Gerousia, which proposed measures for consideration. This dual structure meant that while citizens had a voice, their influence was often limited by the dominant role of the elder council.
• Discuss the significance of the Apella's role in Spartan society and its impact on civic engagement among male citizens.
  • The Apella was significant as it provided a formal platform for male citizens to engage in political life and have a say in crucial decisions. This assembly allowed citizens to express their opinions on military actions and governance, fostering a sense of community involvement. However, since only those who had completed military training could participate, it also reflected Sparta's focus on militarism and discipline in civic engagement.
• Evaluate how the interplay between the Apella and other governing bodies like the Gerousia influenced Sparta's decision-making process throughout its history.
  • The relationship between the Apella and bodies such as the Gerousia significantly shaped Sparta's decision-making landscape. While the Apella allowed citizen participation in discussions about laws and military action, the Gerousia's ability to control proposals meant that most decisions were heavily influenced by its members. This dynamic often led to a conservative approach to governance that prioritized stability over radical change, reflecting Sparta's overall societal values focused on tradition and military strength.

Related terms

Gerousia:

The Gerousia was the council of elders in Sparta, consisting of men over the age of 60, who held significant power and influence over decision-making, particularly regarding legislative matters.

Ephors:

The Ephors were a group of five elected officials in Sparta who held substantial authority, overseeing the kings and managing daily governance, including education and public conduct.

Spartan Constitution: The Spartan Constitution refers to the mixed governmental structure of Sparta that combined elements of monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy, which included institutions like the Apella and Gerousia.