National Labor Relations Act

Definition

The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), also known as the Wagner Act, is a foundational piece of labor legislation enacted in 1935 that protects the rights of employees to organize, engage in collective bargaining, and participate in concerted activities for mutual aid or protection. This act established the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), which oversees the enforcement of labor laws and addresses unfair labor practices, thereby fostering a balanced relationship between employers and employees.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The NLRA was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on July 5, 1935, during the New Deal era, to address labor unrest and promote workers' rights.
2. The act specifically prohibits employers from engaging in practices that interfere with employees' rights to organize and form unions.
3. The NLRB is responsible for conducting elections for labor union representation and investigating complaints of unfair labor practices.
4. The NLRA applies to most private sector employers, excluding federal, state, and local government workers, as well as certain other categories of employees.
5. Over the years, the NLRA has been amended to address changing labor conditions and to expand protections for workers in various sectors.

Review Questions

• How does the National Labor Relations Act empower employees in the workplace?
  • The National Labor Relations Act empowers employees by granting them the right to organize into unions, engage in collective bargaining, and participate in concerted activities for mutual support. This legal framework ensures that workers can advocate for their interests without fear of retaliation from employers. The act not only protects these rights but also establishes the NLRB to oversee disputes and enforce compliance, creating a more equitable environment for labor relations.
• Discuss the role of the National Labor Relations Board in enforcing the provisions of the NLRA.
  • The National Labor Relations Board plays a crucial role in enforcing the provisions of the National Labor Relations Act by overseeing union elections and investigating unfair labor practices. When employees believe their rights under the NLRA have been violated, they can file complaints with the NLRB, which will conduct investigations and hold hearings if necessary. The NLRB has the authority to impose penalties on employers who engage in unfair practices and to protect workers' rights throughout this process.
• Evaluate the impact of the National Labor Relations Act on modern labor relations and its relevance in today's workforce.
  • The National Labor Relations Act has had a lasting impact on modern labor relations by establishing a legal framework that empowers workers to advocate for their rights within various industries. As workforce dynamics evolve with changes in technology and global economic conditions, the NLRA remains relevant by adapting to contemporary challenges such as gig work and remote employment. Its principles continue to influence debates around workers' rights and protections, making it a vital part of discussions regarding fair treatment and equitable working conditions in today's diverse labor market.

Related terms

Collective Bargaining: A process of negotiation between employers and a group of employees aimed at reaching agreements on working conditions, wages, and other employment terms.

National Labor Relations Board (NLRB): An independent federal agency created by the NLRA to enforce labor laws in relation to collective bargaining and unfair labor practices.

Unfair Labor Practices: Actions by employers or unions that violate the rights protected under the NLRA, such as interference with employees' rights to organize or retaliating against union activities.