Citation:
Rest energy is the energy that an object possesses when it is at rest, directly related to its mass. According to the mass-energy equivalence principle, this energy can be calculated using the famous equation $$E_0 = mc^2$$, where E is the rest energy, m is the mass of the object, and c is the speed of light in a vacuum. This relationship highlights that mass can be converted into energy and vice versa, underscoring the fundamental connection between mass and energy in physics.