Proton

Definition

A proton is a subatomic particle with a positive electric charge found in the nucleus of an atom. It has a charge of $+1e$ and a mass approximately 1836 times that of an electron.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Protons have a positive electric charge of $+1e$, which is equal to $1.602 \times 10^{-19}$ coulombs.
2. The number of protons in an atom's nucleus determines the element's atomic number and its identity.
3. In electric fields, protons move in the direction opposite to that of electrons due to their positive charge.
4. Protons contribute significantly to the mass of an atom but have little effect on its chemical properties compared to electrons.
5. The interaction between protons and electrons through electric fields is fundamental to understanding electrical forces and potentials.

Review Questions

• What is the electric charge of a proton?
• How does the motion of protons in an electric field differ from that of electrons?
• Why are protons important for determining the identity of an element?

Related terms

Electron:

A subatomic particle with a negative electric charge found outside the nucleus in orbitals.

Neutron:

A subatomic particle with no electric charge found in the nucleus, contributing to atomic mass but not affecting chemical properties.

$Electric \ Field$: $A\ region\ around\ charged\ particles\ where\ other\ charges\ experience\ force.\\