Wave speed

Definition

Wave speed is the distance a wave travels per unit of time. It is usually represented by the symbol $v$ and can be calculated using the formula $v = f \lambda$, where $f$ is the frequency and $\lambda$ is the wavelength.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Wave speed is determined by both the medium through which the wave travels and the type of wave.
2. For mechanical waves, such as sound waves, wave speed typically depends on properties like density and elasticity of the medium.
3. The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately $3 \times 10^8$ meters per second, which is a constant value for electromagnetic waves.
4. In transverse waves, particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction of propagation; in longitudinal waves, they move parallel.
5. The relationship between wave speed, frequency ($f$), and wavelength ($\lambda$) can be expressed as $v = f \lambda$.

Review Questions

• What factors affect wave speed in different media?
• How do you calculate wave speed given frequency and wavelength?
• Explain how wave speed differs between transverse and longitudinal waves.

Related terms

Frequency:

The number of complete oscillations or cycles a wave undergoes per unit time, typically measured in Hertz (Hz).

Wavelength:

The distance between two consecutive points that are in phase on a wave, such as crest-to-crest or trough-to-trough.

Amplitude:

The maximum displacement of points on a wave from their equilibrium position, often related to the energy carried by the wave.