Centripetal force

Definition

Centripetal force is the force that keeps an object moving in a circular path, directed towards the center of the circle. It is necessary for maintaining circular motion and depends on mass, velocity, and radius of the path.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Centripetal force is calculated using $F_c = \frac{mv^2}{r}$ where $m$ is mass, $v$ is velocity, and $r$ is radius.
2. Centripetal force does not do work since it acts perpendicular to the direction of velocity.
3. It can be provided by various forces such as tension, gravity, friction, or normal force depending on the context of the problem.
4. Centripetal acceleration ($a_c$) associated with centripetal force is given by $a_c = \frac{v^2}{r}$.
5. In uniform circular motion, speed remains constant but velocity changes due to continuous change in direction.

Review Questions

• What equation would you use to calculate centripetal force?
• Why does centripetal force not do any work on an object in circular motion?
• Name at least two types of forces that can act as centripetal force.

Related terms

Centrifugal Force:

An apparent force that acts outward on a body moving around a center, arising from the body's inertia.

Uniform Circular Motion:

Motion of an object traveling at a constant speed along a circular path.

Radial Acceleration:

Acceleration directed towards the center of a circular path; another term for centripetal acceleration.