Citation:
This equation represents the principle of entropy conservation in a closed system, stating that the change in entropy of the universe ($$δs_{universe}$$) is equal to the sum of the change in entropy of the system ($$δs_{system}$$) and the change in entropy of the surroundings ($$δs_{surroundings}$$). It emphasizes that in any thermodynamic process, the total entropy can either increase or remain constant, but it cannot decrease, reflecting the second law of thermodynamics.