Testosterone

Definition

Testosterone is a primary male sex hormone responsible for the development of male reproductive tissues and secondary sexual characteristics. It also plays a role in muscle mass, bone density, and red blood cell production.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Testosterone is synthesized primarily in the testes in males and to a lesser extent in the ovaries of females.
2. It is often used therapeutically in testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) for men with hypogonadism.
3. Testosterone can be administered via injections, transdermal patches, or gels.
4. Excessive use of synthetic testosterone can lead to adverse effects such as liver damage, cardiovascular issues, and behavioral changes.
5. Antiandrogens may be used to counteract excessive testosterone levels or its effects in conditions like prostate cancer.

Review Questions

• What are the primary functions of testosterone in the human body?
• How is testosterone typically administered for therapeutic purposes?
• What are potential side effects of excessive synthetic testosterone use?

Related terms

Androgens:

Hormones that play a role in male traits and reproductive activity.

Antiandrogens:

Substances that inhibit the biological effects of androgens like testosterone.

Anabolic Steroids:

Synthetic variations of testosterone used to promote muscle growth and enhance physical performance.