Sleep paralysis

Definition

Sleep paralysis is a temporary inability to move or speak while falling asleep or upon waking. It often involves hallucinations and can be distressing but is generally harmless.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sleep paralysis occurs during the transition between REM sleep and wakefulness.
2. Commonly associated with narcolepsy, a condition that can be treated with CNS stimulants.
3. Hypnagogic (while falling asleep) and hypnopompic (while waking up) are two types of sleep paralysis.
4. Stress, irregular sleep patterns, and certain medications can increase the likelihood of sleep paralysis.
5. Pharmacologic treatments for underlying conditions such as narcolepsy may reduce episodes of sleep paralysis.

Review Questions

• What are the two types of sleep paralysis?
• How does sleep paralysis relate to REM sleep?
• Which pharmacologic treatments can help reduce episodes of sleep paralysis?

Related terms

Narcolepsy:

A chronic sleep disorder characterized by overwhelming daytime drowsiness and sudden attacks of sleep.

REM Sleep: A phase of sleep characterized by rapid eye movement, vivid dreams, and muscle atonia.

CNS Stimulants: Medications that increase mental alertness and reduce feelings of fatigue, often used in treating ADHD and narcolepsy.