Pulmonary toxicity

Definition

Pulmonary toxicity refers to damage or adverse effects on the lungs caused by certain chemotherapeutic drugs. It can manifest as inflammation, fibrosis, or impaired lung function.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pulmonary toxicity is a potential side effect of various cancer drugs, including bleomycin and methotrexate.
2. Symptoms may include cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain.
3. Early detection is crucial; pulmonary function tests and imaging studies are commonly used for diagnosis.
4. Management may involve discontinuing the offending drug and providing supportive care such as corticosteroids.
5. Risk factors include high cumulative doses of the drug, pre-existing lung disease, and concurrent radiation therapy.

Review Questions

• Which chemotherapeutic drugs are commonly associated with pulmonary toxicity?
• What symptoms might indicate a patient is experiencing pulmonary toxicity?
• How is pulmonary toxicity typically managed in patients undergoing cancer therapy?

Related terms

Bleomycin:

A chemotherapeutic agent known to cause pulmonary toxicity at higher doses.

Methotrexate:

An anti-metabolite chemotherapeutic drug that can lead to pulmonary complications.

Fibrosis: Scarring of tissue that can occur in the lungs due to toxic effects from chemotherapy.