Pulmonary edema

Definition

Pulmonary edema is the accumulation of fluid in the alveoli and interstitial spaces of the lungs, leading to impaired gas exchange. It often results from left-sided heart failure or acute cardiac events.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pulmonary edema can be a life-threatening condition, requiring immediate medical intervention.
2. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, coughing up pink frothy sputum, and rapid breathing.
3. It is often associated with conditions such as myocardial infarction, hypertension, and valvular heart disease.
4. Treatment may involve the use of diuretics like furosemide to reduce fluid overload.
5. Oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation might be necessary to support respiratory function.

Review Questions

• What are the primary causes of pulmonary edema in a cardiac emergency?
• Which medications are commonly used in the treatment of pulmonary edema?
• Describe the symptoms that indicate a patient might be experiencing pulmonary edema.

Related terms

Myocardial Infarction:

A condition where blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked, causing tissue damage.

Diuretics:

Medications that help eliminate excess fluid from the body by increasing urine production.

Heart Failure:

A chronic condition where the heart is unable to pump blood effectively to meet the body's needs.