Innate immunity

Definition

Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against pathogens, providing immediate but non-specific protection. It includes physical barriers, immune cells, and various proteins that recognize and respond to infections.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Innate immunity involves physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes to prevent pathogen entry.
2. Key immune cells in innate immunity include macrophages, neutrophils, and natural killer cells.
3. It uses pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to detect common pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
4. The inflammatory response is a crucial component of innate immunity, helping isolate and eliminate pathogens.
5. Innate immunity does not provide long-lasting or specific protection against future infections.

Review Questions

• What are the primary components of innate immunity?
• How do pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) contribute to innate immunity?
• Why doesn't innate immunity provide long-lasting protection?

Related terms

Adaptive Immunity:

The immune system's second line of defense that provides specific and long-term protection against pathogens.

Inflammation:

A local response to infection or injury characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain.

Macrophage: A type of white blood cell involved in detecting, engulfing, and destroying pathogens as part of the innate immune system.