Hypovolemic shock

Definition

Hypovolemic shock is a critical condition where severe blood or fluid loss makes the heart unable to pump enough blood to the body. It can lead to organ failure and requires immediate medical intervention.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hypovolemic shock is most commonly caused by severe bleeding (hemorrhage) or significant fluid loss.
2. Early symptoms include rapid heartbeat, quick shallow breathing, and pale, cool, clammy skin.
3. Treatment often involves fluid resuscitation using crystalloids or colloids and sometimes blood transfusions.
4. Vasopressors may be used if fluid resuscitation alone is insufficient to maintain blood pressure.
5. Monitoring urine output is crucial as it provides insights into kidney function and perfusion status.

Review Questions

• What are the primary causes of hypovolemic shock?
• Which medications are typically administered during hypovolemic shock for fluid resuscitation?
• Why is monitoring urine output important in patients with hypovolemic shock?

Related terms

Cardiogenic Shock:

A type of shock caused by the heart's inability to pump sufficient blood.

Septic Shock:

A life-threatening condition caused by an overwhelming immune response to infection.

Vasopressors:

Medications that constrict blood vessels and raise blood pressure, used in various types of shock.