Cataplexy

Definition

Cataplexy is a sudden, brief loss of voluntary muscle tone triggered by strong emotions such as laughter or anger. It is commonly associated with narcolepsy and involves abnormal activity in brain regions that regulate muscle control.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Cataplexy episodes are often triggered by strong emotional stimuli.
2. It is commonly observed in patients diagnosed with narcolepsy, specifically Type 1 narcolepsy.
3. Cataplexy can range from mild weakness to complete bodily collapse, but consciousness is usually maintained.
4. Management of cataplexy often includes medications such as sodium oxybate and certain antidepressants.
5. Cataplexy results from the loss of hypocretin (orexin) neurons in the hypothalamus.

Review Questions

• What emotional triggers can lead to an episode of cataplexy?
• Which type of narcolepsy is most commonly associated with cataplexy?
• Name two types of medications commonly used to manage cataplexy.

Related terms

Narcolepsy:

A chronic sleep disorder characterized by overwhelming daytime drowsiness and sudden attacks of sleep.

Hypocretin (Orexin): Neurotransmitters produced in the hypothalamus that regulate arousal, wakefulness, and appetite.

Sodium Oxybate: A medication used to treat cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness in people with narcolepsy.