Azoles

Definition

Azoles are a class of antifungal drugs that inhibit the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential component of fungal cell membranes. They are commonly used to treat various fungal infections.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Azoles work by inhibiting the enzyme lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase.
2. Common azoles include fluconazole, itraconazole, and ketoconazole.
3. They can be used to treat both superficial and systemic fungal infections.
4. Azoles can interact with other medications by inhibiting cytochrome P450 enzymes in the liver.
5. Resistance to azoles can develop through mutations in the target enzyme or increased efflux pump activity.

Review Questions

• What is the mechanism of action for azole antifungals?
• Name three common azole antifungal drugs.
• How can resistance to azoles develop in fungal pathogens?

Related terms

Ergosterol:

A crucial component of fungal cell membranes targeted by many antifungal drugs.

Cytochrome P450:

A family of enzymes involved in drug metabolism that can be inhibited by azoles.

Fungal Infections: Diseases caused by fungi, which can affect skin, nails, or internal organs.