Atopic dermatitis

Definition

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by itchy, red, swollen, and cracked skin. It often starts in childhood and can persist into adulthood.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Topical corticosteroids are commonly used to reduce inflammation and manage symptoms of atopic dermatitis.
2. Calcineurin inhibitors like tacrolimus and pimecrolimus are alternatives to steroids for treating atopic dermatitis.
3. Emollients and moisturizers are essential for maintaining skin hydration and barrier function in patients with atopic dermatitis.
4. Antihistamines may be prescribed to help control itching associated with atopic dermatitis.
5. Severe cases of atopic dermatitis may require systemic treatments such as oral corticosteroids or biologic agents like dupilumab.

Review Questions

• What class of drugs is most commonly used to reduce inflammation in atopic dermatitis?
• Name two calcineurin inhibitors that are used as alternatives to topical steroids in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
• Why are emollients important in the management of atopic dermatitis?

Related terms

Eczema:

A general term for any type of inflammatory skin condition, including atopic dermatitis.

Tacrolimus:

An immunosuppressive drug used topically to treat moderate to severe cases of atopic dermatitis.

Dupilumab: A biologic agent used for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in patients who do not respond well to topical treatments.