Amylase

Definition

Amylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. It is predominantly produced in the pancreas and salivary glands.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Amylase plays a crucial role in carbohydrate digestion by breaking down starch into maltose and glucose.
2. There are two main types of amylase: alpha-amylase found in humans and beta-amylase found in plants.
3. Pancreatic amylase is secreted into the small intestine where it continues the process of starch digestion.
4. Salivary amylase begins the digestive process in the mouth, but its activity decreases once it reaches the acidic environment of the stomach.
5. Abnormal levels of amylase in blood or urine can be indicative of pancreatic disorders such as pancreatitis.

Review Questions

• What are the primary sources of amylase production in the human body?
• How does amylase contribute to carbohydrate digestion?
• What might abnormal levels of amylase indicate about a patient's health?

Related terms

Lipase:

An enzyme that breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

Protease: An enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids.

Pancreatitis:

Inflammation of the pancreas which can affect its ability to produce digestive enzymes like amylase.