Acetylcysteine

Definition

Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic agent that breaks down mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up and clear from the respiratory tract. It is also used as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Acetylcysteine works by disrupting disulfide bonds in mucus, reducing its viscosity.
2. It can be administered via inhalation for respiratory conditions or intravenously/orally for acetaminophen overdose.
3. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and bronchospasm when inhaled.
4. It has antioxidant properties that contribute to its therapeutic effects.
5. Dosage and administration routes vary based on whether it's being used as a mucolytic or an antidote.

Review Questions

• How does acetylcysteine help improve respiratory function?
• What are the different routes of administration for acetylcysteine?
• What are some common side effects of inhaled acetylcysteine?

Related terms

Expectorants:

Medications that thin mucus and promote its expulsion from the respiratory tract.

Mucolytics:

Drugs that break down mucus to facilitate its removal from the airways.

Bronchospasm:

A sudden constriction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchioles, often associated with asthma and chronic bronchitis.