Genes are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for the synthesis of proteins. They play a crucial role in determining the traits and characteristics of an organism by directing the process of transcription and translation.
Related terms
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid): The molecule that contains the genetic code of organisms, acting as the blueprint for all cellular structures and functions.
The cellular process that translates genetic information into proteins, involving both transcription (in the nucleus) and translation (at the ribosome)