Vitamins are organic compounds that are essential for normal growth, metabolism, and overall health. They must be obtained through the diet as the body either does not produce them or produces them in insufficient amounts.
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There are 13 essential vitamins, including both water-soluble (B-complex and C) and fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) varieties.
Vitamin deficiencies can lead to specific diseases; for example, a lack of vitamin C causes scurvy, while a deficiency in vitamin D can result in rickets.
Water-soluble vitamins are not stored in the body and need to be consumed regularly, whereas fat-soluble vitamins can be stored in fatty tissues and the liver.
Some vitamins act as antioxidants which help protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.
Nurses must understand the role of vitamins in preventing chronic diseases and promoting overall health to provide holistic patient care.
Review Questions
What are the two categories of vitamins based on their solubility?
Which vitamin deficiency is associated with scurvy?
Why is it important for nurses to have knowledge about vitamins?