Oligosaccharides

Definition

Oligosaccharides are short chains of three to ten monosaccharide units. They play a crucial role in gut health by serving as prebiotics and aiding in digestion.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Oligosaccharides are not fully digestible by human enzymes, contributing to their function as dietary fiber.
2. They promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut, such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli.
3. Common sources of oligosaccharides include legumes, onions, garlic, and bananas.
4. They can impact blood sugar levels less significantly than simple sugars due to their slower digestion and absorption.
5. Oligosaccharides may help improve mineral absorption, particularly calcium and magnesium.

Review Questions

• What role do oligosaccharides play in gut health?
• List three common food sources of oligosaccharides.
• How do oligosaccharides affect blood sugar levels compared to simple sugars?

Related terms

Monosaccharides:

Simple sugars that are the building blocks of carbohydrates, such as glucose and fructose.

Prebiotics:

Non-digestible food ingredients that promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the intestines.

Dietary Fiber:

Plant-based carbohydrates that cannot be fully digested by human enzymes but have various health benefits.