Nitrogen balance

Definition

Nitrogen balance represents the difference between nitrogen intake and nitrogen loss in the body. It indicates whether the body is gaining, losing, or maintaining protein mass.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Positive nitrogen balance occurs when nitrogen intake exceeds loss, often seen during periods of growth, pregnancy, or muscle-building.
2. Negative nitrogen balance happens when nitrogen loss surpasses intake, which can occur due to malnutrition, illness, or trauma.
3. Nitrogen balance is crucial for assessing overall protein status and ensuring proper nutrition in patients.
4. Proteins are the primary source of nitrogen in the diet; thus, adequate protein intake is essential for maintaining a positive or neutral nitrogen balance.
5. Nitrogen balance studies are used in clinical settings to evaluate nutritional interventions and their effectiveness on patient recovery.

Review Questions

• What does a positive nitrogen balance indicate about an individual's protein status?
• How can negative nitrogen balance impact a patient's health?
• Why is monitoring nitrogen balance important in clinical nutrition?

Related terms

Protein Synthesis:

The process by which cells build proteins from amino acids.

Amino Acids:

The building blocks of proteins that play crucial roles in metabolism.

Catabolism:

The breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones within the body.