Lactose

Definition

Lactose is a disaccharide sugar found in milk and dairy products. It consists of glucose and galactose molecules linked together.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lactose is broken down by the enzyme lactase in the small intestine.
2. Lactase deficiency can lead to lactose intolerance, causing digestive issues like bloating and diarrhea.
3. Lactose provides a source of energy and helps in calcium absorption.
4. It is less sweet compared to other sugars like sucrose or fructose.
5. Lactose intolerance varies widely among different populations, with higher prevalence in certain ethnic groups.

Review Questions

• What enzyme is responsible for breaking down lactose in the human body?
• What are common symptoms associated with lactose intolerance?
• How does lactose contribute to calcium absorption in the body?

Related terms

Glucose:

A simple sugar that is an essential energy source for cells and a component of many carbohydrates.

Galactose:

A monosaccharide that combines with glucose to form lactose.

Lactase:

An enzyme produced in the small intestine that breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose.