Jaundice

Definition

Jaundice is a medical condition characterized by the yellowing of the skin and eyes due to high levels of bilirubin in the blood. It often indicates problems with the liver, gallbladder, or bile ducts.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Jaundice can result from excessive breakdown of red blood cells, liver dysfunction, or blockages in bile ducts.
2. It is commonly assessed through physical examination by observing yellowish discoloration in the sclera and skin.
3. High bilirubin levels interfere with digestion by affecting bile production, which is crucial for fat digestion.
4. Nutritional deficiencies, especially in vitamin B12 and folic acid, can exacerbate jaundice symptoms.
5. Proper hydration and a balanced diet support liver function and help manage jaundice.

Review Questions

• What are the primary causes of jaundice?
• How does jaundice affect the digestive process?
• Why is it important to observe the sclera during a physical assessment for jaundice?

Related terms

Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver that can lead to jaundice due to impaired bilirubin processing.

Bilirubin: A yellow compound formed from the breakdown of hemoglobin; its accumulation causes jaundice.

Cholestasis: A condition where bile flow from the liver is reduced or blocked, often leading to jaundice.