Glycoproteins

Definition

Glycoproteins are molecules composed of proteins covalently bonded to carbohydrates. They play crucial roles in cell-cell interactions and the functioning of digestive organs.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Glycoproteins are essential for the proper functioning of mucus, which protects and lubricates the digestive tract.
2. They are involved in immune responses within the gut, helping to identify and neutralize pathogens.
3. Glycoproteins facilitate the absorption of nutrients by enhancing the binding of enzymes to substrates.
4. They help protect the stomach lining from acidic gastric juices by forming a gel-like barrier.
5. Certain digestive enzymes themselves are glycoproteins, aiding in the breakdown of complex food molecules.

Review Questions

• What role do glycoproteins play in protecting the stomach lining?
• How do glycoproteins contribute to nutrient absorption in the digestive system?
• Why are glycoproteins important for immune responses within the gut?

Related terms

Enzymes:

Proteins that catalyze chemical reactions, speeding up digestion processes.

Mucus: A slippery secretion produced by mucous membranes that protects and lubricates internal surfaces like those of the digestive tract.

Pathogens: Microorganisms that can cause disease, which glycoproteins help to neutralize through immune responses.